Variable | Overall | Management | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General/University/Teaching | Private | p-value | Asia-Pacific | Europe | Latin America | p-value | ||
Size (number of beds) | 235 [128–441] | 320 [206–672] | 148 [90–253] | < 0.001 | 550 [252–1260] | 362 [164–509] | 161 [107–320] | < 0.001† |
ABHR consumption (average, in ml/PD) | 31.9 [19.7–62.7] | 31.9 [18.4–63.6] | 31.3 [21.3–63.2] | 0.901 | 24.1 [10.4–39.0] | 34.0 [21.5–55.7] | 42.3 [22.0–66.7] | 0.087# |
Average hand hygiene compliance (%) | 71.6 [59.2–80.6] | 67.4 [53.1–80.3] | 70.7 [66.3–78.9] | 0.502 | 72.4 [69.7–80.0] | 79.3 [72.0–82.4] | 65.8 [55.1–80.2] | 0.057§ |
WHO HHSAF | ||||||||
System change | 100 [95–100] | 100 [80–100] | 100 [100–100] | N.A.* | 100 [100–100] | 100 [100–100] | 100 [85–100] | N.A.* |
Education & Training | 95 [80–100] | 95 [82.5–100] | 90 [80–100] | 0.336 | 100 [92.5–100] | 95 [80–100] | 90 [80–100] | 0.086# |
Evaluation & Feedback | 90 [80–95] | 85 [72.5–95] | 95 [85–95] | 0.056 | 95 [87.5–100] | 87.5 [80–95] | 85 [75–95] | 0.023# |
Reminders in workplace | 90 [80–100] | 90 [80–95] | 90 [67.5–100] | 0.388 | 95 [87.5–100] | 95 [82.5–100] | 87.5 [67.5–95] | 0.026# |
Safety Climate | 85 [70–95] | 85 [70–90] | 90 [77.5–95] | 0.436 | 90 [82.5–100] | 80 [62.5–90] | 85 [70–90] | 0.031‡ |
Total HHSAF score | 445 [395–480] | 435 [387.5–472.5] | 455 [395–485] | 0.233 | 475 [447.5–490] | 442.5 [417.5–475] | 432.5 [380–467.5] | < 0.001# |